They work in much the same way as a refrigerator. An evaporator converts the refrigerant from a liquid into a gas and there is a condenser for reversing the process. The evaporator is normally located just behind the dashboard so that it can absorb heat from the interior of the vehicle, while the condenser is at the front, to ensure a free flow of air over it to help cool it down.

These effects are used to cool down the interior of a vehicle. The system is entirely enclosed and nobody should be exposed to the refrigerant chemical during normal operation.

Typical air conditioning vehicle layout.

The main components of an air-conditioning system are:-

Cabin / Pollen Filter

Passenger compartment filters (Pollen or Cabin filter) improve the incoming air into the vehicle interior.

The filter is located in the vehicle fan air intake duct where it filters out dust, contamination, pollen and bacteria. If a filter element with a layer of activated charcoal is used, even gases with unpleasant odours can be eliminated from the vehicle interior.

Air-Conditioning Compressors

The AC compressor is driven by the engine via a poly-V-belt or multiple V-belts and compresses or pumps the refrigerant in the system. There are different types of compressors.

The refrigerant coming from the evaporator is sucked into the compressor in the gaseous state at low temperature and low pressure, compressed and then transferred to the condenser in the gaseous state at high temperator and high pressure.

Condensers

The condenser is required to cool down the refrigerant heated up by being compressed.

The hot refrigerant gas flows into the condenser at the top transferring heat to the surroundings through the piping and fins. After cooling the refrigerant exits the condenser at the lower connection in a liquid state.

Receiver Drier

The purpose of the filter/drier is to remove foreign particles as well as moisture from the refrigerant. In addition it also serves as a refrigerant reservoir. It has a compensation chamber and in some cases an observation glass.

The liquid refrigerant enters the filter/drier through the inlet connection, flows through a hydroscopic filter and exits the component through the outlet line.

The upper section of the filter/drier serves as a compensation chamber and the bottom section as a refrigerant reservoir and filter chamber.

Evaporator

The evaporator serves as a heat exchanger between the surrounding air and the refrigerant in the air-conditioning system.

The evaporator is located in the evaporator housing and operates like a heat exchanger, it consists of numerous cooling coils connected by fins. As the high pressure liquid refrigerant, metered by the expansion valve or the fixed orifice tube, is injected into the evaporator, it is no longer under pressure. The evaporating temperature of the liquid refrigerant at this pressure is below that of the air passing across the evaporator. Therefore, the refrigerant absorbs heat from the air and evaporates into a vapour, thus cooling the air.

Expansion Valve

The expansion valve is the separation point between the high and low pressure stages in the refrigerant circuit and is installed in front of the evaporator. In order to achieve optimum refrigeration capacity in the evaporator the refrigerant flow is regulated by the expansion valve depending on the temperature. Expansion valves are available in different versions.

The liquid refrigerant coming through the filter from the condenser flows through the valve body and expands into the outlet line to the evaporator. This high reduction in pressure results in a decrease in the temperature. In order to achieve optimum refrigeration capacity in the evaporator the refrigerant flow is regulated by the expansion valve depending on the temperature. If the temperature of the refrigerant increases entering the evaporator, the thermostat in the expansion valve opens and with it the valve, increasing the flow of refrigerant to the evaporator. If the temperature of the refrigerant drops entering the evaporator the thermostat closes and with it the valve, decreasing the flow to the evaporator

Condenser Fans

Condenser fans are used in vehicles with air-conditioning. It is also possible to replace the present fan with a fan with greater capacity.

Condenser fans are designed as suction-type fans (behind condenser toward rear of vehicle) or as pressure-type fans (in front of condenser toward front of vehicle). They serve refrigerant returning to liquid in the condenser and engine cooling in all vehicle operating states.

Fittings

There are different variants of fittings. It should be noted that connections for flexible refrigerant pipes have definite mechanical characteristics at one end:

• A cylindrical straight connecting pipe whose diameter on the outside fits the diameter on the inside of the pipe. The connecting pipe has radial grooves so that the pipe does not slip.
• A connecting sleeve which is pressed by a press or by pliers and which, due to this connects the connecting pipe with the connecting hose tightly.

The other end has, depending on the manufacturer, different connection possibilities.

The function of the fittings is to connect the single components which carry the refrigerant of the air-conditioning by hoses or by aluminium pipes.

Air conditioning that works correctly can make your home a much more comfortable place to live during the hot sticky summer months. Air conditioning is just like anything else mechanical. It can break down and stop working. Your air conditioner is a complicated piece of machinery that requires a contractor who knows what they are doing to do the make the right repairs at a reasonable rate.

Depending upon the repairs that are needed it can also quickly run into a large amount of money so it is important to hire a contractor that you can trust to complete the work correctly. Just as important, you need to have the work completed on time and be able to trust the people that you are letting into your home.

So hiring a contractor requires a bit more than opening the yellow pages and calling the first name that catches your attention. This is especially true if you are looking for an air conditioning contractor to do repairs in your home. While a simple fix might be able to be done by most anyone, the more work that you are needing to have done, the more careful that you need to be when you are hiring a contractor.

1. Family And Friends

A good place to start looking for a contractor is by checking with your family and friends. These are always a good source for names of contractors that they have worked with because they know you and would not want to refer anyone that cannot do the work.

2. Ask Your Neighbors

If you live in a condo or if there is a home owners association where you live these can also be great sources of air conditioning contractors names. If you have neighbors that have the same type of air conditioner they can probably give you some information about hiring a contractor that can do the work and just as importantly, who you should avoid.

3. Ask The Contractor For References

Any contractor who has been in business for any length of time should be able to give you referrals of customers that they have worked with. Then you need to check the references. Be careful about referrals that are unwilling to give referrals or that will only give lukewarm responses to your questions.

This could be a sign that they are avoiding saying something negative. Make sure that any referrals are current and recently completed.

4. Check With The Better Business Bureau

Once you have chosen a few contractors that might serve your needs check the names through the Better Business Bureau. See if there are any complaints that are filed against the companies.

Just because there are a few complaints should not totally put them out of the running. It is not unusual for any company to run into people that they are unable to satisfy. Equally important is to see how the contractor handled the complaint.

5. Check Their Licenses

Make sure that anyone you are considering is licensed to do the work that you need completed. Check to see that they are licensed with the city that you are located in and are approved to do the work.

6. Permits

Ask about whether there are permits that are required for your work. If the contractor suggests avoiding getting a permit when one is needed then you should be very careful hiring them for any work in your home. Any contractor that is willing to avoid getting a permit is probably going to be willing to cut other corners in their work.

Heat pumping processes is used in refrigeration, air conditioning and heat pump systems to move heat between different temperature levels. Important application areas for the technique are; domestic refrigeration, commercial refrigeration, residential and commercial air conditioning and heating, food processing and cold storage, industrial refrigeration, liquefaction of gases, mobile air conditioning and marine- and transport refrigeration.

Heat pumping systems plays a very important role in the world society, for instance for food preservation, comfort cooling and as a means for thermodynamical heating systems.

The systems needs power input in from electricity or high temperature heat. Energy efficiency is very important in order to reduce the energy consumption, both with regard to today’s shortage of energy, but also in order to reduce the CO₂ emissions from power production.

Heat pumps, however, can contribute significantly to reduction of energy consumption when heat is required at moderate temperatures, for instance for space- or water heating.

A special challenge for the refrigeration society today are emissions of refrigerants that are harmful for the environment, either because they deplete the ozon layer (CFC and HCFC refrigerants) or because they have a strong global warming potential (HFC refrigerants). These refrigerants are thus controlled by respectively the Montral-protocol and the Kyoto-agreement. Reduction of emissions and development of systems based on natural refrigerants, substances naturally occurring in the biosphere, are consequently important tasks.

SINTEF develops systems and components for refrigeration, air conditioning and heat pump systems, as well as insulation systems. An important focus is development of energy efficient systems using natural working fluids, with emphasis on CO₂. We can offer optimization of both systems and components. Interaction between theory, modeling and experimental activities are important in our work. A large well equipped laboratory, advanced simulation-  and optimization tools, as well as a well qualified personnel are important elements for successful projects.

It’s always a pleasure to enjoy the fall of cool air on our body especially during hot summers. So you can attend marriage or any other personal functions or meetings with your face radiating beams of freshness. A powerful car air conditioner could greatly bring down the weariness caused by long drives especially automotive air conditioners in many cars which would be the dream cars of today’s youngsters.

However, automotive air conditioning is always not a standard addition provided in a car. Cars manufactured before 1940 lacked the feature as it was not invented by then. Gradually several enhancements were done to the system. The repair requires a trained professional’s help. People curious to get to know the bottom of things may attempt to do some repairs by themselves exercising caution.

In small air conditioned cars, there may be a slight drop in pick up of the vehicle but this will not be the case with big cars.

The Standard Parts of Automotive Air Conditioning

The automotive air conditioning system comprises seven major parts.

These parts are:

1) Compressor – As heart is to the human body, so is compressor to the AC system. It is basically a pump connected to the engine whose chief function is to compress the refrigerant from the evaporator coils and the compressor, or “the heart of the system,” is a pump that is attached to the engine. Its purpose is to compress and transfer refrigerant gas. The compressor has both an intake and a discharge side.

2) Condenser – It functions very much like the radiator and will most often have a similar appearance. The purpose of the condenser is to radiate or to give away heat, so whenever the AC is switched on condenser must have good supply of air for cooling purposes.

3) Evaporator – Its chief duty is to absorb heat. Besides getting rid of heat from inside your vehicle, it is also responsible for dehumidifying the car. In order to regulate the temperature of the evaporator, pressure introducing pressure regulating devices like orifice tube is necessary

4) The receiver is used in automotive air conditioning systems that employ thermal expansion valves as pressure regulating devices to ensure that this pressure regulating device receives the liquid refrigerant that it needs in order to function. In order to do so, it must separate gas and liquid.

5) The accumulator is used only on automotive air conditioning systems that have the orifice tube as the pressure regulating device, and its main function is to store surplus liquid refrigerant. In doing so, it prevents any liquid from entering the compressor, which could be detrimental to the system.

In spite of the modern advancements that have been made in the automotive field since the introduction of automotive air conditioning, it is still possible to maintain your own system even if it is an olden day style. It is also important to monitor your HVAC Supply.

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For a satisfactory home comfort, you may have to heat the outdoor air coming in and/or cool it since each part of the country has different need. An integrated solution will help harmonize each need and equipment and avoid extra cost of operation. Many factors will come in play for selecting the right Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning (HVAC).

You will have to evaluate:

• Your heating needs
• Your cooling needs
• Will you have natural ventilation
• The control of humidity
• Observance of global and local Code and Standard
• What is the quality of outdoor air
• What is the desired indoor quality of air
• What is your budget

You may buy individual equipment that will serve a single room but you will need a heating device in each one of them. And when it is time for cooling (in those part of the country that need it) same thing a cooling device in each room. You won’t need any duct going all around the house in the wall and floor spaces. And if you want to circulate the indoor air, you will need extra ceiling ventilator in each of the room that required air freshness.

With a central unit, you will need only one unit for controlling heating, cooling and ventilation. But you will need a duct system flowing all over your house. This is why you need to seriously consider an HVAC system when building a new house. But if your house is not completely finish or you are thinking of making major renovation, you may still and should consider a central HVAC system.

With a central controlling system you will be able to better control humidity which will allow you to have a higher moisture prevention. With less individual equipment installed all around your home, they will be less frequent repair need and less frequent bill. Everybody knows that in the long run, an Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning system is the cheapest solution. You will gain in avoiding wasting costly energy (because each part of an HVAC is working in symbiosis).

Other HVAC Supply at bidformaterials.com.

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How To Install a Programmable Thermostat – The Home Depot – Click here for more amazing videos

There are lot of HVAC Supply that can be seen at bidformaterials.com for newest and latest products.

The Heating, Ventilating, Air Conditioning and Refrigeration (HVAC/R) program to HVAC Supply teaches students how to install, repair and perform preventative maintenance for heating, air conditioning and refrigeration equipment. Coursework emphasizes efficient operation of equipment to ensure the lowest possible energy cost that the design allows.

Demonstration of the correct way to clean the coils inside of a wall hung packaged Bard air conditioner to get a good HVAC Supply.

This is a tutorial about air conditioning gauges for HVAC Supply.

This is a quick lesson in how to clean air conditioning coils. It is a very worthwhile video to watch. Pay close attention because it will serve as your guide towards a good HVAC Supply.